The geological formations in the region range from Middle Jurassic to late Tertiary periods. It has unconformities breaking the succession between the Middle Cretaceous and Supra-trappean and Middle Kirthar and finally Miocene and Pliocene. Kutch is considered to be an eastern extension of the mobile belt then a part of the unfolded and stable peninsular foreland of India. In this orogen, Mesozoic and Tertiary terrestrial and marine sediments and Deccan Traps have been involved in folding movements which began in middle Tertiary time and continued intermittently into the Quaternary.

The Jurassic rocks occupy a large area in Kutch and are exposed in three anticlinal ridges trending east-west. The northern range which is about 160 km long includes four elevations, viz., Pachham, Khadir, Bela and Chorad in the Rann of Kutch. The middle range is about 290 km from Lakhpat to west. The southern ridge, south of Bhuj, is 64 km long. The general anticlinal folds in Kutch are NWSE in the western part of the district swinging to E-W in the eastern part. Small structural domes and saddles, aligned along the anticlinal axes are typical to this region. The basic rock formation is of four main divisions based on fossil contains, viz., Pachham, Chari, Katrol and Umia series. Geology of Kutch has provided the region with various non-metallic minerals in abundance.

Kutch is a mineral rich region. Mineral resources in a region play very important role in industrialisation. The important minerals available in Kutch are mostly of fuel, metallic and non-metallic categories. Limestone, bauxite, lignite, kaolin and bentonite are the important and gypsum, white clay, ball clay, fire clay are the ‘minor’ minerals available in Kutch. Moreover, Kutch is also bestowed with sand stone, murram, black trap, etc.